The use of pesticides and the hazards caused by pesticide residues

Abstract

Pesticides are used to prevent diseases and insect pests on crops, garden plants and cash crops, so as to ensure crop yield and improve economic benefits and commercial value. However, the irrational use of pesticides will cause harm to the environment, pollute the soil, water and air, and then directly or indirectly cause harm to human health. At present, only 10%-20% of pesticides are effectively used, while the remaining 5%-30% enter the atmosphere through volatilization and 40%-60% penetrate into soil and groundwater. The residues of pesticides and their harmful degradation products in grains, fruits, water, oil and other related products will cause serious harm to the health and safety of animals, especially people, who depend on them for food. According to statistics, there are about 4 million cases of pesticide poisoning every year in all countries in the world, and 7.5% of them die from poisoning. In recent years, due to the excessive pesticide residues caused by many problems, has attracted widespread attention, the specific harm in the following aspects: the damage of ecological balance, the hazards to human health, the influence on agricultural development and the influence on agricultural and sideline products export trade.Firstly, in the process of agricultural production, most of the pesticides used mainly enter the surrounding environment through various ways, including direct application, seed dressing, spraying and water flow into the ecological environment, resulting in serious pollution of soil, atmosphere and water. It’s easy for pests and bacteria in the environment to develop drug resistance, and even cause the destruction of the ecological balance and the loss of harmony in nature, resulting in a vicious circle. Secondly, Pesticide sprayed on crops or weeds, pesticide residues can enter the human body through the respiratory tract, digestive tract, skin and other ways, causing different degrees of harm to the human body. With the progress of society, people pay more attention to health and safety than ever before. The non-standard management and use of pesticides seriously threaten the safety of video and agricultural ecological environment, and potentially threaten the health of human beings. Therefore, the study of rapid, efficient, convenient and practical pesticide residue analysis method has great theoretical and practical significance for the protection of ecological environment and the implementation of food safety strategy.