Management of socio-economic development territories in Henan Provinces

Abstract

The dissertation substantiates the theoretical-methodical and scientific-practical provisions regarding the management of the socio-economic development of the territory of Henan province. Identify the importance of rural governance capacity in Henan's economic and social development. Most rural areas are facing some problems which includes the tendency of "hollow-out", lack of governance rights, and unbalanced levels of economic and social development. It needs stronger governance capabilities to respond to these challenges. To respond to these challenges, the government has changed its goals of governance. It drew resources from rural areas in the past, but now it injects enormous resources into rural areas. But, with resources in putting, there is a variety of strict restrictions, extra conditions and assessments carried out to ensure the resource is safe and efficient. This led to the grassroots governments and public officials become bureaucratization. The formalism and corruption are continuous emergence. Some municipal officials in pursuit of their interests. These further damage to the government's credibility. So, the government's development plans can not support by farmers. Thus, it is difficult to resolve the problems of rural development and to keep stability by relying on a single subject in current. Multi-subject participation has become the current development trend. Through multi-subject participation in rural development, resource in putting path will improve, national in putting resources will penetrate into rural areas, and sustainable rural development can be realized. This paper applies social structure theory and capacity theory to analyze the generation of governance capacity. It hopes to find workableles way to improve governance capacity and reduce governance costs. In this way, it will realize the governance goals of rural revitalization and modernization of national governance capacity which proposed by the central government . It will promote the sustainable and balanced development of the economy and society in rural areas, too. It put forward an evaluation indexs system of rural governance ability which based on social structure theory and capability theory. On one hand, it evaluates the status of agents' abilities of economic and social development in rural areas through resources and rules. It changed from emphasizing the subjective ability of the subject to emphasise both subjective ability and objective ability. On the other hand, it evaluates the rural governance ability at the micro level. It relates to evaluating rural governance capacity at the regional macro level. For the evaluation of micro-governance capability, we analyze the governance capacity score of each subject at the village level. We identify subjects with weak governance capabilities, and formulate targeted capability improvement strategies. For macro-regions, statistical analysis tools used to evaluate the rural governance capacity in the region. Then develop a rural governance capacity improvement plan suitable for the regional level. The entropy weight TOPSIS model is created to test the governance capacity of villages. The weights value of the secondary indicators show as following. The resource support capacity weight is 0.4143 (w2). The villager participation capacity weight is 0.2917(w3). The economic organization participation capacity weight is 0.2069(w4). The weight of public service capacity is 0.0871(w1). First, the economic factor is the main component of the resource support capacity index. In China the agents of the dominant economic factor is the grassroots government in rural areas. The average value of the third level indicators shows two problems that the grassroots government cannot ignore. First, the villagers' trust in the grassroots government is relatively low. Second, the villagers believe that the transparency of village affairs is relatively low. This will have harmful government-led rural development plans. As the most important subject of rural development, the grassroots governments and public officials must improve their capacities to adapt to rural development plan. Second, the ability of villagers to participation includes three aspects. It is voting rights, organization and participation in public affairs. The right to vote gives villagers a bargaining chip with village cadres. It can curb corruption and other destructive tendencies of village cadres to a certain extent. Organization gives villagers the ability to amplify their interests. Clan organizations based on consanguinity have a strong influence, but the weight of this paper shows that is not the case. Villagers' participation in public affairs is not only a way to safeguard their own interests, but also a way to implement supervision. Third, about the ability of economic organizations to participate , it mainly considers the symbiotic relationship between enterprises and villages. Enterprises is an important subject of rural economic development. More rural enterprises not only reduce the population loss in rural areas, but also help regions to obtain national project investment, thus promoting rural development. At last, distribution of governance capacity score shows two aspects of information. First, the average value of management capacity score of villages in Henan is 0.106, and the highest value is 0.488. It indicates that the economic and social management capacity is generally low. There is a large difference in management ability among villages. Second, the statistical distribution shows that the urbanization process has a fundamental impact on the rural governance ability. So the samples should be classified. TOBIT model used to analyze the influencing factors. The results show that structure hole, network size and interest control have significant influence on the governance ability index. Factors such as network density, family control, village culture and control variables have partially significant effects on governance. Structural holes represent interests, the size of the network determines the value of the network. Interest control indicates that land and other resources affect the governance ability. These indicates that the rural governance model based on the community of interests is taking shape. Clan control represents family influence and cohesion. Village culture and control variables represent the traditional ethical and moral constraints. These factors have partially significant impact on governance, indicating that the rural governance community formed based on traditional culture is declining. These conclusions provide directions for solving the problem. This paper puts forward a concept to improve the rural governance ability. It ensures the sustainable and balanced development of rural economy and society. For the rural areas with development potential, structural strengthening strategy can promote its autonomous development. And it can better use structural reconstruction strategy to realize a virtuous cycle of development. It consists of four aspects. First, the construction of grassroots party organizations improves organizational capacity. It is standardizing the group of village cadres and curbing the influence of grey forces in villages. Second, it enhances the leadership of village cadres and gives them a necessary power to impose administrative penalties. Third, it enhances the potential for economic development, and makes use of part of the idle material resources in various ways. It will promote villagers' participation in social division of labor, and improve vocational skills by strengthening the training and development of human resources in rural areas. Fourth, use rural culture to improve the management of social development. It will reduce conflicts among villagers, and enhance the sense of identity. In rural areas which is lack of development potential, structural strengthening strategies may lead to formalism and involution, but structural reconstruction strategies may be able to improve local soci-economic development and maintain social stability well. It includes four aspects: First, continue to put in place the village help system to end poverty. The second is the protection of the interests of rural areas through the reform of the land property rights system, making land use large-scale and professional, and promoting rural development. The third is to assist rural development through the new financial system. Fourth, it will guide societal elites to take part in rural development. Use the social elite's network to attract social resources to rural areas. The concept of organizational spatiotemporal adaptability shows the role of institutions in rural development. Whether it will promote rural development depends on of rural resources and development stages. It shows the characteristics of spatial agglomeration presented by rural development. Controlling or guiding management units of suitable size will be beneficial to the balance of development. These concepts will promote diverse governance entities to improve their governance capabilities, solve problems faced by rural areas, and achieve the governance goals set by the state. It improves the systematic method of evaluating the regional socio-economic development in Henan. On one hand, it is different from existing methods. This method based on quantitative analysis and case analysis. It makes the universality and particularity of the problem considered comprehensively. It shows that the suggestions for solving problems are more instructive and operable. On the other hand, it tries to change GDP as the main indicator of the level of regional development and management. It evaluates the management level of regional socio-economic development from multiple indicators. This paper summarizes the main influencing factors and regional realistic conditions of the management ability of rural economic and social development. Put forward suggestions for improving the rural governance ability apply to local characteristics. With urbanization, the concentration of population in some areas and the disappearance of some villages will be inevitable. Controlling the scale of population concentration and planning of the gathering place is the embodiment of the government's governance ability. In addition, facing the disappearance of rural traditional culture, the government needs to solve the invasion of unhealthy culture to the countryside. It should guide the development of rural culture, and rebuild the ethics and moral concepts of the countryside. These suggestions will eventually improve the level of socio-economic development in rural areas and achieve the goal of national governance. The emphasis on social structure theory does not mean we accept fatalism, but highlights the change and adaptation of the subject to the social structure, and emphasizes the initiative of the subject.