Alternative methods of prevention of infectious poultry diseases

Abstract

The article presents the results of analytical work of data from scientific publications, reports of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the European Food Safety Authority (ESFA) regarding the effectiveness of alternative methods of prevention of infectious poultry diseases. One of the biggest current problems in the world is the acquired resistance of microorganisms to antibacterial drugs, which in turn causes significant economic losses due to the low effectiveness of therapeutic measures. In connection with the general tendency to abandon the use of antibiotics, the use of new methods of controlling poultry bacteriosis is becoming more and more relevant. The search for an alternative to antibiotics activates the use of effective, natural, safe and cost-effective means of protecting the macroorganism from pathogens. The use of ecologically safe preparations is carried out according to the criteria of effective protection of the poultry organism from pathogenic and opportunistic pathogens, the naturalness and safety of the preparation, obtaining ecologically safe livestock products free from residues of toxic substances, antibacterial preparations and the economic efficiency of the measures taken. Alternative methods of prevention of infectious diseases of poultry are implemented on the basis of the use of environmentally safe drugs (probiotics, prebiotics, eubiotics). Probiotic cultures of microorganisms exhibit antagonistic properties relative to certain strains of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms, capable of producing substances that stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal microorganisms, improve feed conversion and increase performance indicators. Prebiotics create conditions for the reproduction of beneficial intestinal microorganisms and adsorb pathogens of the intestinal microbiome. The use of enzymes, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and phytobiotics in the process of growing poultry has shown positive results due to increasing their productivity and obtaining high-quality and safe poultry products. These drugs are effective means of prevention and treatment of diseases of infectious etiology through stimulation of nonspecific immunity, correction of dysbacteriosis during stress, and also as an alternative to antibiotics.