International approaches to land resource management : lessons for sustainable land use

Abstract

The article examines the theoretical aspects of land resource management in the context of globalization challenges and the transition to a sustainable development model. It reveals the essence of the concepts of “land resources” and “rational land use” in conjunction with the concepts of institutional support, digital transformation, and food security. The importance of soil potential, in particular black soil, as a key factor not only in national but also global food security is emphasized. International experience in land resource management is analyzed using the examples of the United States, China, India, and Ukraine. It was found that, despite different institutional models, legal regimes, and forms of ownership, there is a trend in these countries toward strengthening environmental control, digitizing cadastral systems, introducing practices to restore fertility, and strengthening the role of the state in the strategic regulation of land use. The author proposes a model of the relationship between land resources and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is emphasized that the level of food security and the development of the agricultural economy depend on the qualitative and quantitative potential of soils (black soil, arable land, fertility indicators), which, in turn, determine the possibilities for achieving the SDGs in three key dimensions: economic, environmental, and social. This approach allows for the combination of economic efficiency in land use with environmental imperatives and social stability. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of current challenges. It has been proven that these problems highlight the need to introduce “green” technologies and agroecological practices, such as precision farming, the use of agricultural drones, the biologization of production, and the expansion of the organic sector. An integrated management concept has been developed, based on digitalization, transparency of cadastral processes, and increasing land value as an indicator of sustainability. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of using the developed provisions to develop a state land policy strategy aimed at preserving soil fertility, increasing the efficiency of agricultural production, developing rural areas, and integrating Ukraine into global food chains. The proposed model can serve as a tool for assessing the impact of land potential on the achievement of SDGs and for improving management mechanisms at the state, community, and agribusiness levels.