Evaluation of effectiveness indicators of the application of foliar fertilizers in the sustainable economic development of wheat winter productivity

Abstract

The paper introduces the investigation results on the influence of seed treatment by plant growth stimulant Vita Cereals and foliar feeding by Nanovit Cereals and Urea ammonium nitrate on the winter wheat plants՚ growth, development, yield and grain quality indicators. It has been established that foliar feeding plays a vital role in all critical winter wheat life cycle and growth processes, including cell division and protein synthesis, as well as increasing enzyme activity. The research was conducted in 2023-2024 at the LLC “Organic-D” fields, Vinnytsia region, Ukraine. The study soil was a light loamy grey forest soil. In plots where winter wheat seeds were treated with Vita Cereals, the number of grains per year was 47-50, and the weight of 1000 grains in the studied varieties ranged from 37.7 to 39.5 g. The yield of the studied winter wheat varieties directly depended on the application of foliar treatments and the varietal characteristics of the wheat. Thus, when seeds were treated and foliar top dressing was applied on the experimental plots, the yield of the varieties ranged from 5.4 to 5.8 t/ha. Meanwhile, using foliar top dressing with Nanovit Cereals and Using urea-ammonia nitrate (UAN) contributes to yield formation in the Mavka IR variety at 5.9 to 6.6 t/ha. The yield of the Zira variety with the same treatments was 5.6 to 5.8 t/ha. Treatment with Vita Cereals before sowing and Nanovit Cereals micro fertiliser at the beginning of the booting stage gave the highest conditional net profit of 31280 UAH/ha (45.7 UAH per 1 euro). The profitability ranged from 113 to 121% on the control plots, while it was higher (150%) on the treated plots.