Indicators of Immunity in Associated Mycotoxicosis of Cows

Abstract

The issue of cattle reproduction was and still is one of the main tasks in cattle breeding. Losses of farms from infertility of cows are quite significant and range within 3.19-5.41 per 1 day of infertility. Mycotoxins produced by fungi of the Fusarium family, namely deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) adversely affect not only the functioning of all organs and systems of the cow’s body, but also produce an immunosedative effect. The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of the DON and ZEN complex on the main indicators of the immune response of cows and its correction in a comparative aspect using a feed additive based on zeolite and organic acids and recombinant α-, g-interferons. The study material was the blood of cows (serum and stabilized) sick with mycotoxicosis caused by the association of DON and ZEN. Methods used: photonephelometric using E. coli test culture, spontaneous rosette formation with sheep red blood cells according to M. Jondal, modified method of rosette formation according to M. Wansbrough-Jones, R. Limatibul’s method, simple radial immunodiffusion in gel according to G. Mancini, precipitation in a polyethylene glycol solution according to M. Digeon. Experimental studies were performed on black-spotted cows in farms of the Sumy Oblast. The dynamics of the immune indicators of cows during the development of mycotoxicosis and upon treatment with products zeolite-based, organic acids, and an aqueous solution of recombinant α-, g-interferons were studied. It was found that the indicator of bactericidal, lysozyme, complementary, and phagocytic activity of cow blood serum under treatment increased to the indicator inherent in healthy animals. The dynamics of immunoglobulins in the treatment with zeolite and organic acids and recombinant α-, g-interferons was investigated, and an increase to the level of intact cows was established. It was proved that the indicators of the immune response of cows upon using a feed additive based on zeolite and organic acids at a dose of 2.5 kg per tonne of fodder and a preparation based on an aqueous solution of recombinant α-, g-interferons at a dose of 3 ml per animal were significantly higher.