Короткий опис(реферат):
Досліджується зміна структури агровиробництва України протягом останніх років, встановлено посилення процесів концентрації та пригнічення діяльності середніх виробників, виявлено причини укрупнення виробництв, наслідки їх діяльності та можливі механізми регулювання. Исследуется изменение структуры агропроизводства Украины в последние годы, выявлено усиление процессов концентрации и угнетение деятельности товаропроизводителей среднего размера, исследовано причины укрупнения производства, последствия их деятельности и возможные механизмы регулирования.
Суть розробки, основні результати:
Modern changes in the organization structure of Ukrainian agriculture are analyzed in the article. Processes of capital and land property concentration are carefully examined. It was underlined that agroholdings are now playing the increasing role in agricultural production and market share of middle size producers has significantly reduced due to objective factors. These factors are classified in the paper and their influence on the performance of agricultural companies was outlined with practical examples provided as well as reasons for poor success of some middle class producers.
Article contains the definition of agroholding, provided by Ukrainian legislation and scientists as well as author’s opinion. Analyses of the negative impact of agroholdings on social and ecologic situation in the region of actual production is performed, and negative influence factors are specified. Most important among them include: the decrease of working places, uncontrolled use of intensive agriculture methods, mass orientation on “three crops” rotation system with high economic efficiency but which leads to soil exhaust, small amounts of taxes paid to local budgets, small interest in the development of local social infrastructure, growing risks to local economy because of high capital mobility, intensive lobbying of their interests in legislative bodies.
Paper also contains possible mechanisms of regulating the activity of agroholdings which will both preserve effective large scale producers and restrict their negative influence upon local communities together with support to small and middle size producers. They include creating of agricultural cooperation companies for mutual use of agricultural mechanics, specialists, and technologies. Much attention in the article is paid to changes in taxation mechanisms which will now increase the amounts of taxes for one hectar land by more then 15 times. This mechanism can only be effective together with subsidies to weaker small size farms.
